Russian/Ukrainian/Belarus History
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The Marriage of Tsar Alexander III of Russia
Tsar Alexander III of Russia's marriage to Princess Dagmar of Denmark, the future Tsarina Marie Feodorovna, was successful, and produced Tsar Nicholas II.
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Ukrainian Interwar Futurism
This article will examine the manifesto of the Ukrainian avant-garde, exploring its futurist ideologies and how they expressed the crisis of interwar Europe.
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The Kronstadt Uprising of 1921
In a serious conflict labeled Red versus Red, sailors of the Kronstadt naval base staged a revolt caused by Lenin's policy of War Communism.
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The Cheka in Russia 1917-1922
Like all authoritarian regimes, the Bolsheviks created their own secret police, the Cheka, who brutally repressed any counter-revolutionary activity.
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The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk 1918
In the middle of fighting the First World War, Russia also experienced one of the most significant revolutions of modern times and was soon plunged into civil war
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A Comparison of Marx and Lenin
Marx founded the philosophy and ideology of Marxism, whilst Lenin eventually established the first Marxist state in the form of the Soviet Union.
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Russia and Chechnya in the 20th Century
Tensions between Russia and Chechnya had been present before and during the 20th century, escalating into a bloody and brutal war in 1994 which shocked the Western world.
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The Identity of the Last Tsar of Russia
Nicholas II's abdicating in favor of his brother Michael instead of his son Alexei may have been illegal.
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Alexander Radishchev First Russian Radical
Alexander Radishchev wrote a book exposing the divide between rich and poor in eighteenth century Russian society. It was a courageous and pioneering publication.
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Ivan the Terrible and Peter the Great Compared
Ivan IV and Peter I fought successful wars to enlarge Russia, established relationships with the West, reformed the military, and centralized control.
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Peter the Great of Russia Visits England 1698
When Peter the Great came to London his main priority was to learn shipbuilding. But that didn't stop the magnetic young Czar from creating mayhem wherever he went.
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Catherine the Great's Lovers
Catherine the Great's lovers made her famous and became famous. She enjoyed romances during her marriage and continued to take lovers until the last years of her reign.
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Catherine the Great's Marriage
Engagement and marriage to the Peter paved Catherine the Great's path to the throne of the Russian Empire.
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Why did Marxism - Leninism Affect Russia?
Marxism - Leninism would become the official ideology of the Soviet Union which was basically Tzarist Russia minus Finland, Poland and the Baltic States.
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The CIA, ISI, and Mujahideen, 1979-1992
The relationships between the CIA, ISI, and mujahideen in Afghanistan and Pakistan shed light on the CIA's covert operations in Afghanistan from 1979-1992.
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CIA Mission, Money, and Rhetoric in Afghanistan
The end of one war often determines the circumstances of another war's beginning. The CIA mission in Afghanistan from 1979 to 1992 sheds light on more recent events.
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The CIA Covert Mission in Afghanistan, 1979-1992
In reaction to the Soviet Union's invasion of Afghanistan in 1979, the CIA became more and more interested in using Afghanistan as a means to weaken the USSR.
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Soviet Influence in Afghanistan During the 1970s
The political situation in Afghanistan deteriorated in the late 1970s. By 1979 it was all but untenable. Soviet political influence gave rise to military invasion.
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Afghan Politics Falling Apart, 1970s
Afghan society's lack of homogeneity and Afghanistan's highly contentious politics allowed the Soviets to gain influence in Afghanistan in the 1970s.
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Context of Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan, 1979
On Christmas Eve 1979 about 75,000 Red Army troops marched into Afghanistan. This was not the first time a foreign power invaded Afghanistan, nor would it be the last.
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War Communism in Russia 1917 - 1921
Withdrawing from World War I after the October Revolution, Lenin and the Bolsheviks faced external intervention and civil war, necessitating stringent internal controls.
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The Russo-Turkish War of 1877-1878
Despite initial successes, the Russian march to Constantinople was severely weakened by Osman Pasha at the Battle of Plevna and the threats of British intervention.
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Why Felix Youssoupov Killed Rasputin
Prince Felix Youssoupov believed it was his patriotic duty to kill Rasputin, the malevolent 'holy man', and deliver Russia from her most dangerous internal enemy.
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Traditions of Icon Painting in Medieval Russia
Since the beginnings of icon painting in Russia, the development of these religious artworks were produced according to a tradition also influenced by trends.
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Andrei Rublev, Icon Painter
Though little is known about Rublev's life and education, the style of his icon paintings and his famous works have served as an important influence in Russian art.
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